 Candlelight vigil for earthquake victims |
By Keen Zhang
China.org.cn columnist
zhangr@china.org.cn
关于汶川地震诗歌潮现象的一篇专栏综述。
"PLA, ever onwards!
"Heedless in the midst of nature's fury
"They persevere for the People..."
Sun Jianjun, a children's poet, showed us a rough paper at the central Hong Yang square in Mianzhu City, Sichuan Province on which he had written a poem praising the courage of the PLA soldiers who have struggled to save as many lives as they could following the deadly 8.0-magnitude Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12, which as of Wednesday had killed 69,176.
He reads aloud to us.
Sun, a Sichuan native, is one of those rare adults in China who still remain faithful to children's poetry. He has published several collections of his work. At the moment he is traveling around the quake-hit areas, trying to comfort people with his short and simple poems.
Sun is one of the poets who are trying to make a contribution to quake relief. A cultural phenomenon was born after the earthquake: thousands of professional poets, writers, editors and ordinary people are trying to find a way to express their emotional turmoil – sadness, gratitude, confidence and strength – through contemporary poetry. Many focus on sadly deceased parents, children and teachers.
On May 22, the first day after the three-day national mourning, renowned poet Hai Xiao first published a poetry collection Love Knows No Borders: We Are Here with Wenchuan through New World Press. Hai is also the founder of an influential poetry website – Xshdai.com. His initial plan was to open a channel on his web for quake-relief poems, then he had the idea of publishing a collection, which was eventually speed-edited by himself and the publishing house over 6 days.
"The best poems in the book are written by those who are not professional poets," Hai Xiao told China.org.cn, "because the best poems come from the true heart and the genuine emotion of common people. I cried a thousand times when reading the poems, but I also sensed a strong power, the power of the resolve of brave and stalwart Chinese people in the face of the colossal disaster."
|  Love Knows No Borders: We Are Here with Wenchuan |
New World Press promised that they would donate all the profits to relief work.
Several other poetry collections have been published. One titled Anthology of Poetry for Wenchuan was published by Qunzhong Press on May 24. The first print run of 2000 copies has been donated to Xinhua Bookstore, which will distribute the books to quake victims in disaster areas to boost morale.
The collection features around 100 moving poems. Many have appeared on the Internet.
One famous poem, entitled Child, hold on to Mommy's hand, reads:
Come, my child
Hold on to Mommy's hand
The road to Heaven is so dark
I fear you might be hurt again
The composition was written by 24-year-old Su Shansheng, who was struck by the image published on May 13 of a dead child's hand stretching out of quake ruins. He adapted a poem which he had written for his cancer-stricken girlfriend three years ago, and contributed it to earthquake victims.
Thanks to the rapid information freeway of cyber-space it received a huge amount of clicks and forwards in the virtual world, and quickly made its way into books and onto various charity vigils where numerous actors and hosts recited it.
When you search the poem's title on Google, you will find over 1 million hits. It was also reported that the poem inspired Chen Tiaoqiao, CEO of the leading Chinese online gaming company Shanda, to donate another 6 million yuan to survivors. The poem thereby earned the description "most valuable literary creation", while many said their hearts were touched after reading it.
The book also includes works by famous Chinese poets Ye Yanbin, Zhang Xuemeng, Wang Xiaoni and Yang Liuhong, and others by policemen, medical workers and volunteers from the front line. However, the famous poets' works are not nearly so well- known as some of the improvisations.
"The country has just witnessed a historical Renaissance in Chinese poetry," said the excited writer Yan Yanwen in a speech at Renmin University on June 3. Perhaps. But the worth of many of the poems comes not from their delicate structure and the careful choice of words, but from the heartfelt expression of true feelings.
 Anthology of Poetry for Wenchuan |
"Ordinary people are choosing to express themselves through poetry, and so the poem is once more the property of ordinary people. Poetry has won back its readers in millions, and it both takes on the burden of social responsibility and honors its value," Yan added.
Poetry in literature has always carried this healing power.
"For days, I did not want to talk to anyone – then on the night of May 19 I felt the impulse to write a poem," Li Shaojun, the editor-in-chief of literature magazine Tianya, told Xinhua. "Poems can express our deepest and strongest feelings, and I felt relief and the return of moral strength after I finished the work."
Before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, in the face of natural disasters, social transformation, and even revolutions, poetry has always been a quick and easy tool to express feelings and ideas.
As an example, when the Chinese people were dissatisfied with the Treaty of Versailles settlement – known as the Shandong Problem – the May Fourth Movement, a cultural and political anti-imperialist movement from early modern China, was formed on May 4, 1919. The New Culture Movement was launched which gave birth to Chinese modern neo-style poetry.
At that time Chen Duxiu, a leading revolutionary figure, educator, and philosopher, established an influential Chinese periodical, La Jeunesse, which was the earliest outlet for neo-style poems, attracting Hu Shi, Lu Xun, Li Dazhao and many other significant figures in Chinese literature. Such poems often played an important role in many later historical events.
Another example: on the day of the 1976 Qingming Festival, traditionally a time for the sweeping of tombs in China, people gathered in Tian'anmen Square to write hundreds of poems mourning the death of late Premier Zhou Enlai while protesting against the "Gang of Four" conspirators led by Jiang Qing. The clique was crushed in October 1976. In 1978, a collection titled Reproduction of the Poems of Tian'anmen was published, considered as a landmark in the history of modern Chinese poetry.
|  A volunteer recites a poem at a charity gala. |
Poetry also enjoyed huge popularity in the golden era of the 1980s. However, this fever didn't last long. In the 1990s, writing poetry became a small-scale, unstructured, minority activity in China. The publication of poetry magazines and books fell into decline. As poets lost the attention of the general public, they turned desperately to gimmicks like nude-recitals and fake suicide.
Zhao Lihua, a member of the Chinese Writers Association, even created a "Lihua-styled" poem, which commonly has no meaning but uses odd structures and absurd oral-word-play. In 2007 Han Han, a renowned and out-spoken young writer, supported by many others including myself, questioned the continued worth of so-called "Chinese modern poems" and "poets" given the value of what had been lost.
 Wenchuan quake poems: a landmark of Chinese poetry history? |
Things may be changing. Li Shiying, a writer from Shandong Province, wrote a poem called Wenchuan, I Cry for You Tonight on May 13. After he posted it on his blog, it earned 6 million clicks. 30 newspapers published it while 20 TV and radio stations broadcast it. This was beyond all the expectations of the author, signaling the first and largest poetry revival since the 1990s.
But some literary critics, such as Xie Youshun, suggest that the revival is essentially an emotional outlet for millions of aching souls, and the function of this poetry is to provide such a release. The purpose of the poetry movement is to express the voice of the heart, and it has not truly found a new area of growth. When the pain generated by the calamity gradually fades, Chinese modern poetry will find itself back in its previous position.
On June 12, a new collection called We Are Here Together, including poems by over a hundred poets from Qinghai Province, was published. On June 13, a poetry CD was released by the China Record Corporation. People may expect more to come. But who can predict how long the poetry wave will last, and how many copies of this kind of books and CDs can be sold?
As far as I can see, Sichuan is already returning to normal despite occasional aftershocks. People are smiling again. Some have started to play their beloved traditional games such as Chinese chess and Mahjong. The survivors and those less affected have started joking about the earthquake. Some outside observers might be amazed at the powers of recuperation of the Sichuan people. But that is what they are, and what they always have been.
I don't know if Sun Jianjun is still hurrying from group to group, writing poems and bringing comfort. But on the way back from Mianzhu to Chengdu, Sichuan's provincial capital, we were listening to our car radio. We were able to hear another short, simple poem for volunteer taxi drivers who had helped transport the injured to Chengdu from quake-hit Dujiangyan on the day of the disaster:
Bravo taxi drivers
We salute you
For we are proud of you.
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